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The problem is structural and one of angles. It stems from a frontal plane (front view) curvature in the tibia (lower leg), that is present in most all humans from birth.
Basically there is a structural curvature in the tibia that results in a frontal plane deviation between the knee and the ankle.
This angular deformity is present in most all human beings, and is documented visually as tibial varum or bow legs.
It can be measured non-weight bearing, between the horizontal axis of the knee, and the horizontal axis of the ankle.
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